【备战英语六级】高频词汇复习笔记(11)

徐某某

1.destructive a. 破坏性的
destructive criticism
非建设性的批评
Passion proves the most dramatically destructive force.
情欲是最有戏剧性的毁灭力量。
The weapon has a great destructive power.
武器具有杀伤性。
2.deteriorate v. 恶化
同义词：worsen, go downhill
His health has deteriorated.
他的健康恶化了。
Food is apt to deteriorate in summer.
食物在夏天容易变质。
3. deviate from v. 偏离
He deviated from the society by becoming a drug addict.
成为一个瘾君子让他脱离了社会。
Never stand aloof from the masses.
千万不可脱离群众。
4.dignity n. 尊严
beneath one's dignity 有失身分     stand on one's dignity保持尊严, 摆架子  
stand upon one's dignity保持尊严
The real dignity of a man lies in what he is, not in what he has.
一个人的真正尊严在于他的品格，而非他的财富。
5.dilemma n. 困境
同义词：predicament
A doctor’s dilemma ----- to lie or to tell the truth?
医生的困境：向病人隐瞒病情还是说出实情？
6.diminish v. 变少
同义词辨析：decrease, diminish, lessen, reduce, dwindle
decrease: 指逐渐地、不断地减少。
diminish: 侧重大小、数量和重要性的不断减小，强调减小的部分。
lessen: 普通用词，与decrease近义。指数目、程度、价值、实力等的减少。
reduce: 普通用词，含义广。指数量、程度的降低或减少。
dwindle: 与decrease同义，指逐渐减小，但强调变得越来越少终至全无。
We should try to diminish the cost of production.  
我们应尽力减少生产成本。
7.disable v. 丧失能力
同义词：incapacitate        反义词：enable
disable switch 禁止开关             parity disable 非奇偶性
The soldier disabled by wounds in his leg is buried in sadness.
那个腿部受伤致残的士兵正沉浸在悲哀之中。
8.disastrous a. 灾难性的
disastrous accident 致命事故；机毁人亡事故   
After a disastrous first half the team fought back to level the match.
该队在上半场惨败後重整旗鼓以求扳成平局。
9.discern v. 看出, 识别
discern the differences of the two 看出两个的区别
词义辨析：discern, discriminate, distinguish
discern: 语义较笼统，着重精深与准确的观察力，不一定有能力辨别关系密切的各项事物。
discriminate: 语气强，指从十分相似的事物中辨出差异，尤其把好坏区分开来。
distinguish: 普通用词，指辨别者的能力或实际观察到的区别，强调辨别所需的技巧。
They can discern me in spite of the fog.
虽然有雾，但他们能认得出我。
10.dispatch v. 派遣;发送
dispatch a representative/ message 派遣代表/发送信息   dispatch rider 骑摩托车或骑马的通信员
dispatch list 调度表     dispatch money 速遣费    dispatch room 发货室
A messenger was dispatched to take the news to the soldiers at the front.
一名通讯员被派去给前线士兵送消息。